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His first rise to power came as a result of the Sergeants' Revolt. During the end of Machado's term as President, Grau had been living in exile. He was a well known doctor at the time and earned a powerful position in the government after the Revolution of 1933 overthrew Machado.On the 10th of September, 1933, Grau became Cuba's temporary president. Since the Cuban Constitution allowed the Platt Amendment, Grau took a different oath of office. Due mainly to U.S. opposition, Grau resigned from the presidency.Later, Fulgencio Batista came into power and Grau again went into exile. Grau remained one of the last potential threats to the power of Batista. In 1940, Batista decided to hold an election.Grau participated in it with the support of Eduardo Chibás and Carlos Prío. He lost to Batista, winning about 40% of the votes to Batista's 60%.1944 was different. Grau campaigned much harder, attacking Batista's corruption and close ties to America. Grau ran on behalf of the Auténticos and other members of a large coalition against Batista's chosen candidate, and won. He was inaugurated on October 10, 1944. Grau became popular for convincing the US to raise Cuban sugar prices, and ending the censorship of the press. The new government made gains in health care, housing and education as well. However, Grau's government suffered from high levels of corruption. Major scandals rocked the government. Grau went out of power after 1948, but spent most of his later life in Cuba. |
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Dr. Ramón Grau San Martín (on the right in the photo) was the President of Cuba on two separate occasions.