| THE BASIC CELLS: LEUKOCYTES |
 
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Monocytes
By far, the largest type of leukocyte is the monocyte, and they make up almost 8% of leukocytes in the body. Monocytes contain many lysosome granules and cytoplasmic granules, which aid in killing the foreign matter. These cells usually leave the bloodstream and can become macrophages, which go into the tissue. Their main function is to help remove debris from infections that have passed. Monocytes also help to defend against fungi and diseases like Tuberculosis.Although monocytes are quite small, they can quickly transform into larger, more powerful cells called macrophages. Macrophages contain lysosomes full of special enzymes and chemicals, which allow them to ingest and digest dangerous microbes. These cells do not circulate in the blood stream. Macrophages inhabit the more susceptible areas of the body, to protect the body's vital organs. (i.e. Macrophages are found where lungs receive outside air and where liver cells connect with blood vessels.) The number of macrophages in one's body can increase drastically in a short period of time. These cells are capable of reproducing on their own, and are very long lived.
Neutrophils
The most common leukocytes in the body are neutrophils, which make up 60-70% of the white blood cells in the body.
Neutrophils appear to have multiple nuclei because they are segmented. These cells contain chemicals and substances
that help them move through the connective of the body. Neutrophils also sport chemicals which are toxic to bacteria and fungi.
Neutrophils are attracted to the site of injury and infection where they stick to the blood vessel walls and overwhelm the bacteria
or foreign body.
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