There are numerous rivers that originate outside of the Sahara but then enter the Sahara through underground waterways or by contributing to sources of surface water. In the southern part of the Sahara, the region referred to as the tropical highlands, the majority of the water comes from the Nile River and the other rivers that flow to the Mediterranean. Other rivers feed into Lake Chad which is also located in the southern part of the Sahara. In the north, the greater part of the water flows from the Atlas Mountains and highlands of Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco in the form of streams and wadis (ephemeral streams).

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